Origins of Indian Music
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-Very Difficult to notate every detail in indian music
- highly developed rhythmic and melodic structure
- Guru -master of his craft or instrument, teacher
- shishya- student
- music originally passed on by oral tradition from on generation to another
- only real way to learn complicated music
- Indian music has its origins in the Vedas (4000BC-1000BC)
Vedas- the most sacred texts which contain about a thousand hymns
- used to preserve poetry, invocations, and mythology, in the form of sacrificial chants dedicated to the Gods.
- text was preserved and passed down by oral tradition
-literature of the Vedas is divided into four parts:
Rig Veda, Sama Veda, Yajur Veda and Atharra Veda.
Rig Veda- oldest veda, Hinduism
- recited in three tones: one main tone and two accents, one higher and the
other lower called Udatta and Anudatta, respectively, done to accentuate the
words since the test was of primary importance.
Yajun Veda - mainly consists of sacrifical formulas
- two main notes with two accents forming the 1st concept of the tetrachord
(four notes)
Sama Veda - laid foundation for Indian music
- 3 more notes were added to original tetrachord resulting in the 1st full scaled
of 7 notes
- importance of the octave
Atharra Veda - collection of formulas that deal with black magic and spells
The Ancient Period => Vedas => Upanishads
- Upanishads - laid the foundation on which philosophies and religions of India are based
- Jati System - what the Raga system is based on
- Natyashastsa- treatise written by Bharata in 300 B.C
- most authoritative and ancient work on the classical science of music and
dance
Matanga- started a scientific classification of scales which was the bases for the later development of the 72 Melakarta system (parent scales)
Nanada - further defined Ragas giving them their 22 names and the microtomes
Medieval Period
Sangeeta Rathakara - another treatise by the great composer and Musician Sarangadeva, deals with classification of Ragas according to the various seasons and different times of the day.
-12th and 13th centuries northern India endured a series of invasion by Muslim rulers from Asia Minor on a crusade to spread Islam throughout the region. Following these invasions, Indian music developed 2 distintive systems: North Indian music (Hindustani) and Sotuth Indian Music (Carnatic)
-Hindustani - influences of Islam together with other cultural, social and political forces
-Karnatic or Carnatic - South Indian music that continued to develop without external influence (traditional)
2 Musical Forms
- Abhyasa Gama - intended for practice as to acquire technical skills
- Sabha Gama- intended for performances before an audience in a concert situation
- all forms have texts
Alap - opening section of a typical North Indian classical performance
-form of melodic improvisation that introduces and develops a raga
Tala - rhythmic pattern of any composition. Timing starts when drum enters (usually a tabla for Hindustani music or a mridangam for Carnatic music
- does not have a fixed tempo and can be played at different speeds.
Do you live in NYC?
Is your home starting to look a bit messy and dirty?
Have it professionally cleaned by my company!
Check us out or refer us to someone you may know that may need our services.
nationalpremiercleaning.com
If you have any test reviews, homeworks, guides, anything school related that you think can be posted on this website, reach out to me at makingschooleasier@gmail.com
Is your home starting to look a bit messy and dirty?
Have it professionally cleaned by my company!
Check us out or refer us to someone you may know that may need our services.
nationalpremiercleaning.com
If you have any test reviews, homeworks, guides, anything school related that you think can be posted on this website, reach out to me at makingschooleasier@gmail.com
-Very Difficult to notate every detail in indian music
- highly developed rhythmic and melodic structure
- Guru -master of his craft or instrument, teacher
- shishya- student
- music originally passed on by oral tradition from on generation to another
- only real way to learn complicated music
- Indian music has its origins in the Vedas (4000BC-1000BC)
Vedas- the most sacred texts which contain about a thousand hymns
- used to preserve poetry, invocations, and mythology, in the form of sacrificial chants dedicated to the Gods.
- text was preserved and passed down by oral tradition
-literature of the Vedas is divided into four parts:
Rig Veda, Sama Veda, Yajur Veda and Atharra Veda.
Rig Veda- oldest veda, Hinduism
- recited in three tones: one main tone and two accents, one higher and the
other lower called Udatta and Anudatta, respectively, done to accentuate the
words since the test was of primary importance.
Yajun Veda - mainly consists of sacrifical formulas
- two main notes with two accents forming the 1st concept of the tetrachord
(four notes)
Sama Veda - laid foundation for Indian music
- 3 more notes were added to original tetrachord resulting in the 1st full scaled
of 7 notes
- importance of the octave
Atharra Veda - collection of formulas that deal with black magic and spells
The Ancient Period => Vedas => Upanishads
- Upanishads - laid the foundation on which philosophies and religions of India are based
- Jati System - what the Raga system is based on
- Natyashastsa- treatise written by Bharata in 300 B.C
- most authoritative and ancient work on the classical science of music and
dance
Matanga- started a scientific classification of scales which was the bases for the later development of the 72 Melakarta system (parent scales)
Nanada - further defined Ragas giving them their 22 names and the microtomes
Medieval Period
Sangeeta Rathakara - another treatise by the great composer and Musician Sarangadeva, deals with classification of Ragas according to the various seasons and different times of the day.
-12th and 13th centuries northern India endured a series of invasion by Muslim rulers from Asia Minor on a crusade to spread Islam throughout the region. Following these invasions, Indian music developed 2 distintive systems: North Indian music (Hindustani) and Sotuth Indian Music (Carnatic)
-Hindustani - influences of Islam together with other cultural, social and political forces
-Karnatic or Carnatic - South Indian music that continued to develop without external influence (traditional)
2 Musical Forms
- Abhyasa Gama - intended for practice as to acquire technical skills
- Sabha Gama- intended for performances before an audience in a concert situation
- all forms have texts
Alap - opening section of a typical North Indian classical performance
-form of melodic improvisation that introduces and develops a raga
Tala - rhythmic pattern of any composition. Timing starts when drum enters (usually a tabla for Hindustani music or a mridangam for Carnatic music
- does not have a fixed tempo and can be played at different speeds.
Do you live in NYC?
Is your home starting to look a bit messy and dirty?
Have it professionally cleaned by my company!
Check us out or refer us to someone you may know that may need our services.
nationalpremiercleaning.com
If you have any test reviews, homeworks, guides, anything school related that you think can be posted on this website, reach out to me at makingschooleasier@gmail.com